A
Abelson, Harold, and Gerald Jay Sussman. Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press, 1996.Agre, Phil. "Living Data," Wired, January 1995.
Andermatt, Verena, ed. Rethinking Technologies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.
Aronowitz, Stanley, et al., eds. Techoscience and Cyberculture. New York, London: Routledge, 1996.
Aronowitz, Stanley, and Willam DiFazio. The Jobless Future: SciTech and the Dogmas of Work. Minneapolis: Universityof Minnesota Press, 1994.
B
Balestri, Diane P. "Softcopy and hard: Word-processing and writing process." Academic Computer 2:5 (1988).Batchen, Geoffry. "Manifest Data: the Image in the Age of Electronic Reproduction." Afterimage 24:3 (1995).
__________. "Digital Imaging and the Death of Photography." Aperture 136. (Special issue on photography in the Electronic Age), Summer 1994.Baudrillard, Jean. The Ecstacy of Communication. New York: Semiotexte(e), 1988.
Beers, David. Blue Sky Dream: A Memoir of America's Fall from Grace. 1996, reprint 1997.
Benedikt, Michael, ed. Cyberspace: The First Steps. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992.
Benjamin, Walter. "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." Illuminations, 665-681. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968.
Berk, E. and J. Devlin, eds. Hypertext/Hypermedia Handbook. New York: McGraw Hill, 1991.
Binkley, Timothy. Computers are Protean. 1989.
__________. "The Wizard of Ethereal Pictures." Leonardo. "Computer Art in Context" (Supplementary Issue), 1989.Birkerts, Sven. The Gutenberg Elegies: The Fate of Reading in an Electronic Age. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1994.
Blake, Fay. "Information and Poverty." Proceedings of the Congress for Librarians. Ann Arbor, MI: Pierian Press, 1988.
Bolt, Richard. The Human Interface: Where People and Computers Meet. Belmont, CA:Lifetime Learning Publications, 1984.
Bolter, Jay David. "The Idea of literature in the electronic medium." Topic 39, 1985.
__________. Writing Space: The Computer, Hypertext, and the History of Writing. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.,1994.Bossen, Howard. Zone V: Photojournalism, Ethics, and the Electronic Age." Studies in Visual Communication 11: 3, Summer 1985.
Bowers, C. A. The Cultural Dimensions of Educational Computing: Understanding the Non-Neutrality of Technology. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University, 1988.
Bukatman, Scott. Terminal Indentity: The Virtual Subject in Postmodern Science Fiction. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1993.
C
Cadigan, Pat. Synners. London: HarperCollins, 1991.Calcutt, Andrew. White Noise: an A - Z of the Contradictions of Cyberculture. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.
Carey, J.W. Communication as Culture. Boston: Unwin and Hyman, 1989.
Cheong, Fah-Chun. Internet Agents: Spiders, Wanderers, Brokers, and Bots. Indianapolis, IN: New Riders, 1996
Cherny, Lynn and Elizabeth Reba Weise. Wired_Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA: Seal Press, 1996.
Crawford, Ashley, et al. 21.C: Scanning the Future, #24 & #25. Australia: G + B Arts International, 1997.
D
Davis, Eric. "I.N.F.O.s," in 21-C: World of Ideas, #26, Australia: G + B Arts International,1998.DeLamarter, Richard T. Big Blue: IBM's use and abuse of power. London: Macmillan, 1987.
De Landa, Manuel. War in the Age of Intelligent Machines. New York: Zone Books, 1991.
Dery, Mark. Escape Velocity: Cyberculture at the End of the Century. New York: Grove Press, 1996.
__________. ed. Flame Wars: The discourse of cyberculture. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 1994.Dibble, Julian. "A Rape in Cyberspace," The Village Voice, 21 December 1993: 36-42. Reprinted in Dery, Flame Wars, 237-261.
Draper, Elaine. Risky Business: Genetic Testing and Exclusionary Practices in the Hazardous Worksplace. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Dray, James and Joseph Menosky."Computers and a New World Order," Technology Review, May-June 1983.
Draznin, Wayne. "Dangerous Love: The Machine, Society and Art." Surface Design Journal 16:2, Winter 1992.
Dreyfus, Hubert L. What Computers Can't Do: The Limits of Artificial Intelligence. Revised edition. New York: Harper and Row, 1979.
Druckery, Thomas, ed. Camerawork (Electronic Representation: Imaging Beyond Photography) 20:1, Spring/Summer 1993.
__________. "Reasoning with the Future," on-line at Digital Imaging Forum.Dunlop, Charles and Rob Kling, eds. "From Dada to Digital: Montage in the Twentieth Century." Aperture 136. Special issue on photography in the Electronic Age, Summer 1994.
E
Escobar, Arturo. Computerization and Controversy. New York: Academic Press, 1991.Etzioni, A. "Minerva: An Electronic Town Hall," Policy Sciences 3 (1972): 457-474.
F
Faber, Mel. "Welcome to Cyberia: Notes on the Anthropology of Cyberculture," Current Anthropology 35:3: 211-232.Felski, Rita. "The Computer, The Technological Order, and Psychoanalysis," Psychoanalytic Rview, 71:2: 263-277.
Fuentes, Annette and Barbara Ehrenreich. Beyond Feminist Aesthetics: Feminist Literature and Social Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989.
Freiberger, Paul and Michael Swaine. Women in the Global Factory. Boston: South End Press, 1983.
Forster, E. M. "The Machine Stops"
G
Galison, Peter. "The Ontology of the Enemy: Norbert Weiner and the Cybernetic Vision." Critical Inquiry 21 (1994).Gaines, Jane M. Fire in the Valley. Berkeley, CA: Osborne/McGraw-Hill, 1984.
Geibert, Ron. ed. Photography in the 1990s. CD-ROM catalogue in 2 parts, Dayton, OH: Wright State University Art Galleries, 1996.
Gibson, William. Neuromancer. New York: Ace Books, 1984.
__________. Mona Lisa Overdrive. New York: Bantam, 1988.Gibson, William, and Bruce Sterling. The Difference Engine. London: Victor Gollancz, 1992.
H
Hafner, Katie, and Matthew Lyon. Where Wizards Stay Up Late: the Origins of the Internet. New York: Touchstone Book, 1996.Haraway, Donna. "A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century," Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge, Chapman & Hall.
Hardison, O. B., Jr. Disappearing Through the Skylight: Culture and Technology in the Twentieth Century. New York: Viking, 1989.
Hayles, Katherine, N. How We Became Posthuman. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1999.
Heidegger, Martin. The Question Concerning Technology. New York: Harper & Row, 1977.
Heim, Michael. Electric Language: A Philosophical Study of Word Processing. 1987; due to be reprinted by 1998.
__________. The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
__________. "The Erotic Ontology of Cyberspace," Cyberspace: First Steps. Boston: MIT Press, 1991.Hollinger, Veronica. "Cybernetic Deconstructions: Cyberpunk and Postmodernism." Mosaic 23 (1990).
Holtzmann, Gerard J. Beyond Photography: The Digital Darkroom. Prentice Hall, 1988.
Hultén, K. G. The Machine as Seen at the End of the Mechanical Age. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1968.
I
Idhe, Donald. Technology and the Lifeworld. Indiana University Press, 1990.International Directory of Electronic Arts/Essays (IDEA) Online. http://nunc.com/texts.phtml
Ippolito, Jon. "Trusting Aesthetics to Prosthetics," Art Journal, Fall 1997.
J
Johnson, Chris. "Why CHI (Computer-Human Interaction) has Failed to Improve the Web." At www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~johnson/papers/web98.html.Jones. Steven G., ed. Cybersociety: Computer-mediated communication and community. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995.
__________. ed. Virtual Culture: Identity and Communication in Cybersociety. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997.K
Kellogg W. A. and J. T. Richards. "The human factors of information on the Internet." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 5, 1995.Kollock, P. and M. Smith, eds. Communities in Cyberspace: Perspectives on new forms of social organization. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.
Kosko, Bart. Fuzzy Thinking: The New Science of Fuzzy Logic. New York: Hyperion, 1993.
Kramarae, C., ed. Technology and women's voices. New York: Routlege and Kegan Paul/Methuen, 1988.
Kroker, Arthur and Michael A. Weinstein. Data Trash: the theory of the virtual class. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.
Kroker, Arthur and Marilouise, eds. CTHEORY, an e-zine on theory, technology, and culture.
Krueger, Myron. Artificial Reality. Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley, 1983.
Kurtzman, Joel. The Death of Money: How the Electronic Economy Has Destabilized the World's Markets and Created Financial Chaos. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
L
Laurel, Brenda. Computers as Theatre. Menlo Park, CA: Addision-Wesley, 1991.Landam, Richard. The Electronic World: Democracy, Technology, and the Arts. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Landow, George, P. Hypertext: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology. Baltimore & London: John Hopkins University Press, 1992.
Langton, Christopher, ed. Artificial Life. Redwood City, CA: Addison-Wesley, 1989.
Leonard, Andrew. Bots: The Origin of New Species. New York: Penguin Books, 1997.
Leonardo (special issue on the Sixth Annual New York Digital Salon) vol. 31, no. 5, 1998.
Levin, Henry and Russell Rumberger. "The Low-Skill Future of High Tech." Technology Review, August-September 1983.
Lévy, Pierre. L'Intelligence Collective: Pour une anthropologie du cyberspace. Paris: Editions Découverte, 1994.
Levy, Steven. Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. New York: Coward, McCann & Geohegan, 1972.
Lewis, Peter H. "Censors Become a Force on Cyberspace Frontier," The New York Times, Wednesday, August 3, 1994, p.1., D5.
Licklider, J.C.R., and R.W. Taylor. "The computer as a communication device," Science and Technology (April, 1968): 21-31.
Lister, Martin, ed. The Photographic Image in Digital Culture (London: Routledge, 1995).
Lovejoy, Margot. Postmodern Currents: Art and Artists in the Age of Electronic Media. 1989, reprint 1992.
Lupton, Ellen. Mechanical Brides: Women and Machines from Home to Office. New York: Cooper-Hewitt and Princeton Architectural Press, 1993.
Lyon. David. The Electronic Eye: The Rise of Surveillance Society. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
M
Maes, Pattie. "Artificial Life Meets Entertainment: Lifelike Autonomous Agents." Communications of the ACM [Association for computing Machinery]: Special Issue on New Horizons of Commercial and Industrial: Artificial Intelligence 38:11, 1995, 108-114.Mandel, Thomas and Gerard Van der Leun. Rules of the Net: Online Operating Instructions for Human Beings. New York: Hyperion, 1996.
Marchionini, Gary, and Ben Schneiderman. "Finding facts vs. browsing in hypertext systems." Computer 21, 1988.
McKeich, Murray, and Darren Tofts. Memory Trade: A Prehistory of Cyberculture. Craftsman House, 1997.
McLuhan, Marshall. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: Signet Book, 1964.
McLuhan, Marshall, and Quentin Fiore. The Medium is the Massage: An Inventory of Effects. New York: Random House, 1967.
McNeil, Daniel, and Paul Freiberger. Fuzzy Logic. New York: Touchstone, 1994.
Merchant, Carolyn. The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology and the Scientific Revolution. New York: Harper & Row, 1983.
Meyerowitz, J. No sense of place: The impact of electronic media on social behavior. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
Milutis, Joe. "Pixellated Drama," Afterimage 25:3, November/December 1997.
Minsky, Martin. The Society of Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985.
Mitchell, William J. City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.
Mitchell, William T. The Reconfigured Eye: Visual Truth in the Post-Photographic Era. MIT Press, 1992.
Mu, Queen and R.U. Sirius. Mondo 2000
Murray, Janet H. Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace. New York: The Free Press, 1997.
__________. "The Pedagogy of Cyberspace: Teaching a Course in reading and Writing Interactive Fiction," Contextual Media, edited by Edward Barrett. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1994.
N
Negroponte, Nicholas. The Architecture Machine. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1970.Noble, David. Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation. New York: Knopf, 1984.
O
Ong, Walter J. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. New York: Methuen and Co., 1982.
P
Papert, Seymour. Mindstorms: Children, Computers, and Powerful Ideas. New York: Basic Books, 1980.Piller, Charles, et al. "America's Shame: The Creation of the Technological Underclass in America's Public Schools." Macworld (Special Issue dealing with the Personal Computer in Education), September, 1992.
Plant, Sadie. Zeros & Ones: Digital Women & the New Technoculture. New York: Doubleday, 1997.
Porter, David., ed. Internet Culture. New York: Routledge, 1997.
Poster, Mark. The Mode of Information: Poststructuralism and Social Context. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Postman, Neil. Technopoly: The surrender of culture to technology. New York: Vintage Books, 1993.
Proctor, Robert. Value Free Science? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991.
R
Rheingold, Howard. Virtual Reality. New York: Touchstone Books, 1991.
__________. The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1993.Robins, Kevin, and Mark Hepworth. "Electronic Spaces: New Technologies and the Future of Cities," Futures 20:5 (April 1988): 155-76.
Rosebush, Judson. "The Proceduralist Manifesto," Leonardo."Computer Art in Context" (special supplementary issue), 1989.
Rosler, Martha. "Image Simulations, Computer Manipulations: Some Considerations." Afterimage 17:4, 1989.
Roszak, Theodore. The Cult of Information: A Neo-Luddite Treatise on High-Tech, Artificial Intelligence, and the True Art of Thinking. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986; reprint 1994.
Rucker, Rudy. Live Robots. New York: Avons Books, 1994.
Rushkoff, Douglas. Cyberia: Life in the Trenches of Hyperspace. New York: Harper San Francisco, 1994.
Ryan, Marie-Laure. "Immersion vs. Interactivity: Virtual Reality and Literary Theory," Postmodern Culture, 5:1, September 1994.
S
Shiva, V. A. Arts and the Internet: Guide to the Revolution. 1996.Simons, Geoff. Eco-computer: The impact of global intelligence. New York: Wiley and Sons, 1987.
Slouka, M. War of the Worlds: Cyberspace and the high-tech assault on reality. New York: Basic Books, 1995.
Smith, Brian Reffin. "Beyond Computer Art." Leonardo."Computer Art in Context" (supplementary issue), 1989.
Solomon, Richard Jay. "Vanishing Intellectual Boundaries: Virtual Networking and the Loss of Sovereignty and Control." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 495, January 1988.
Solomonides. Tony, and Les Levidow, eds. Compulsive Technology: Computers as Culture. London: Free Association Books, 1985.
Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash. New York: Bantam, 1992.
Sterling, Bruce. The Hacker Crackdown, Law and Order on the Electronic Frontier. London, Penguin, 1994.
Stone, Allucquère Rosanne. "Will the Real Body Please Stand Up?," in Benedikt, Michael, ed. Cyberspace, First Steps. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1994.
Sturkin, Marita. "Electronic Time: The Memory Machines of Jim Campbell." Afterimage 25:3, November/December 1997.
Sutherland, Donald. "Journalism's Image Manipulation Debate: Whose Ethics Will Matter." Advanced Imaging 6:11, November 1991.
Sutherland, Ivan. "A Head-Mounted Three-Dimensional Display," Proceedings of the Fall Joint Computer Conference (1968).
T
Taylor, Mark C. "The Betrayal of the Body: Live Not," Nots. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993): 214-55.Theall, Donald. The Medium Is The Rear View Mirror: Understanding McLuhan. 1971.
__________. Beyond the Word: Reconstructing Sense in the Joyce Era of Technology, Culture, and Communication. 1995.Toffler, Alvin. The Third Wave. New York: Bantam, 1980.
Tsagarousianou, Roza. et al., eds. Cyberdemocracy: Technology, Cities, and Civic Networks. London, New York: Routledge, 1998.
Turing, Alan. "Computing Machinery and Intelligence." Computers and Thought, edited by E. A. Feigenbaum and J. Feldman, 11-35. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950; reprint 1963.
Turkle, Sherry. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. 1995.
__________. "Constructions and Reconstructions of Self in Virtual Reality: Playing in the MUDs, Mind, Culture, and Activity 1:3: 158-167.
V
Varela, Francisco and Paul Bourgine, eds. Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems: Proceedings of the First European Conference on Artificial Life. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992.Vickers, Daniel L. "Sorcerer's Apprentice: Head-Mounted Display and Wand." Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Utah, 1971.
W
Walther, J. "Interpersonal effects in computer mediated interaction: A relational perspective," Communication Research 19:1 (1992): 52-90Weiner, Norbert. The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society. 1950; reprint, New York: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1954.
__________. God and Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1964.Weizenbaum, Joseph. Computing Power and Human Reason: from Judgement to Calculation, 1976.
Winner, Langdon. Autonomous technology: Technics-out-of-control as a theme in political thought. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1977.
Wolf, Gary. "The Curse of Xanadu." Wired, June 1995.
Wolfe, Bernard. Limbo. New York: Random House, 1952.
Woods, Lebbeus. "War and Architecture: Tactics and Strategies," Architecture and Urbanism (A+U), Tokyo, No. 281 (February 1994): 8-33.
__________. "The Question of Space," Techoscience and Cyberculture. Stanley Aronowitz, et al., eds. New York, London: Routledge, 1996.Woolley, Benjamin. Virtual Worlds: A Journey in Hype and Hyperreality. Oxford, UK and Cambridge, USA: Blackwell, 1992.
Wright, R. "Hyperdemocracy," Time (January 23, 1995).
Z
Zuboff, Shoshana. In the Age of the Smart Machine: The Future of Work and Power. New York: Basic Books, 1988.
There is an extensive computer culture, framed around programming, dating from the seventies, with a spillover into net culture. See the On-line Jargon File to get a feel for the critical and cynical attitudes within this hacker culture, its delight in language, its marked impatience with bullshit, its wonderful sense of humour. Two sample definitions:
ACK: /ak/ interj. 1. [from the ASCII mnemonic for 0000110]
Acknowledge. Used to register one's presence. An appropriate response to {ping} or {ENQ}.
and
ABEND: [ABnormal END] /o'bend/, /*-bend'/ n. Abnormal termination (of software); {crash}; {lossage}. Derives from an error message on the IBM 360; used jokingly by hackers but seriously mainly by {code grinder}s.Usually capitalized, but may appear as `abend'. Hackers will try to persuade you that ABEND is called `abend' because it is what system operators do to the machine late on Friday when they want to call it a day, and hence derives from the German `Abend' = Evening'.